the resistor between 2nd and 3rd pins 4093 isn't a normal resistor, its a potentiometer aka pot. It's a variable resistor, but the middle lug isn't being used. I'm not sure it's a 29k it looks like 20k to me.
I'm not sure whether or not the 1uf is an electrolytic whoever drew this schematics uses weird symbols, but maybe youve seen ones like this before. On an online translator german to english ausgang = exit so I'd agree with you that thats the tip of the out.
It doesn't matter whether or not the resistors connected to pin three or the circuit after pin three as long as its before the 4077, but use sockets instead of soldering to the pin since it would probably overheat and break the ic.
I doubt that the plus on the 1st pin is a connection to the 100pf cap because caps only have two leads. I also don't think its electrolytic. I'm think that the +'s are a connection for the +9v.
The ground is connected to the - and the grounds are all the thick black lines I'm pretty sure but not 100% because it's drawn weird. I wouldn't be too worried about the grounding, just attach the ground lug to something.
I wouldn't build it on a board. I mean you could, and it would work fine it's just a bit strange. I would prototype it on a breadboard (not literally a board). Especially since it would be easier and you can test it first. You could use a board and it would be alright as just a way to keep them anchored.